Radar on Drug Benefits

In an executive order released Oct. 14, the Biden administration directed the CMS Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMMI) to “to consider additional actions to further drive down prescription drug costs,” building on the Medicare drug price negotiation stipulations of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). D.C. insiders tell AIS Health, a division of MMIT, that CMMI could pull old policy proposals off the shelf when it works to “test new ways of paying for Medicare services that improve the quality of care while lowering costs,” as the administration puts it. 

The executive order isn’t specific about what policies the White House would prefer CMMI look into. However, the administration will know the possibilities fairly soon: CMMI will have 90 days to develop recommendations. Per a White House fact sheet, the final product will be “a formal report outlining any plans to use the Innovation Center’s authorities to lower drug costs and promote access to innovative drug therapies for Medicare beneficiaries.” 

When it comes to Star Ratings for Medicare plans, 2023 represented a return to the status quo after CMS stopped making adjustments related to the COVID-19 public health emergency that had largely inflated plans’ performance. Stand-alone Prescription Drug Plans (PDPs) were no exception to that trend, but they also continued a phenomenon seen in prior years where their overall scores trailed that of the more comprehensive Medicare Advantage-Prescription Drug (MA-PD) plans. 

“In general, the PDP Star Ratings are somewhat lower than the average rating for MA contracts,” observes Shelly Brandel, a principal and consulting actuary at Milliman. That tends to happen every year, she adds, “so I think directionally the PDP Star Ratings have moved pretty similarly to MA Star Ratings [for 2023], but at a lower level.”

In its latest report highlighting notable drugs nearing FDA approval, UnitedHealth Group’s Optum Rx PBM singles out two therapies designated as orphan drugs and one that has been granted priority review. Experts tell AIS Health that payers deciding how to cover these drugs will undoubtedly have to weigh factors such as a high unmet need for treatment, the durability of patients’ response to the therapy, and potentially high price tags. 

For example, regarding the only non-orphan drug included in the report, Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s pegcetacoplan, there are currently no other approved treatments for the condition it’s targeting, “so that will have an impact on how payers approach coverage,” says Bill Dreitlein, senior director of Pipeline & Drug Surveillance at Optum Rx.  

Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, the federal government has spent tens of billions of dollars purchasing vaccines, treatments and tests and providing them for free to the public. Congress has also passed legislation ensuring private and public payers cover those countermeasures for as long as the public health emergency (PHE) is in place. 

However, that may soon be ending as Congress has yet to authorize additional COVID-specific funding and the PHE is likely to expire sometime next year. That could lead to questions about access, pricing and insurance coverage, according to panelists who spoke during a Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) webinar on Oct. 19.