Alternative Payment Policies May Help Medicare Part B Reap Greater Savings From Biosimilars

The growing use of biosimilars has reduced spending in the Medicare Part B program, but there are opportunities to further reduce costs — through greater use of more affordable biosimilars and through the implementation of different payment policies, according to a study published by the HHS Office of Inspector General (OIG).

The OIG analyzed the average sales prices, utilization and costs of 21 biosimilar drugs and their reference biologic products in the Medicare Part B program between 2015 and 2021. The agency found that overall use rate of biosimilars in Part B jumped from 18% in 2015 to 62% in 2021. While the adoption of biosimilars has lowered both the prices of biologics and biosimilars, Part B spending could have been reduced by $179 million in 2021 if the five biosimilars that cost less than their reference products — epoetin alfa, infliximab, bevacizumab, rituximab and trastuzumab — had been used at the same rate as the most widely used biosimilar, filgrastim.